What is Coriolis Force? Coriolis force refers to the tendency of the objects to maintain their motion when they move from one place to another. Let us see how it works in the case of Earth! The Earth rotates faster at the equator than it does at the poles. This is because the Earth is wider at the equator in comparison to the poles.
A point on the equator travels faster than a point on the pole. Coriolis Force in Northern Hemisphere Let us pretend you are standing at the equator and you want to throw a ball towards your friend in North America. If you throw the ball in a straight line, it will appear to land to the right of your friend because your friend is rotating (along with the Earth) at a slow speed, but the ball will maintain its speed of rotation as it shifts from the equator towards your friend. Therefore, the ball will appear to have moved to the right side. Now lets pretend you are standing at the North Pole. When you throw the ball to your friend, it will again appear to land to the right of him. But this time, it is because he is moving faster than you are and has moved ahead of the ball. This apparent deflection is the Coriolis effect.
Thus, we can safely conclude that on account of Coriolis effect, all fluids such as winds and ocean currents move towards their right side in the northern hemisphere. Coriolis Effect in the Southern Hemisphere Now say you are standing at the equator and your want to throw a ball to your friend in South America. Throwing the ball in a straight line, it will appear to land to the left of your friend because your friend is rotating along with the earth at a slower speed and the ball maintains the speed of rotation as it shifts from the equator towards your friend.
This way, in the southern hemisphere, winds appear to bend to the left. When winds shift from the equator towards the poles, they will maintain their motion and, thus, will move ahead of points on high latitudes. When winds move from the poles towards the equator, the winds from the poles will rotate slowly and remain behind the points on lower latitudes. Consequently, winds deflect towards their left side.
Thus, we can conclude that on account of Coriolis effect, all fluids such as winds and ocean currents move towards their left side in the southern hemisphere. Variation of Coriolis force on different points on earth Coriolis force is minimal at equator and there is minimum apparent deflection of fluids like winds and water. On the other hand, it is maximum at poles where there is maximum deflection.
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that is the short answer to the question what is the Coriolis Force?
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